UnitEurope

__** CW: October 13th, 2011 **__ 1. Identify the causes of African slavery: 2. Explain the Triangular Trade Route: 3. Identify the consequences of the slave trade: 1. The causes of African slavery was because of ambitious people. People wanted more and more slaves in order to make profit. The Americans demanded more and more slaves as workers for their plantations, farms, factories, etc. 2. The Triangular Trade took place between Africa, America and Europe. First, America supplied Europe with Sugar, Tobacco and cotton. Europe supplied Africa with Textiles, Rum and other manufactured goods. And finally, Africa sent massive amount of slaves to America. The trades between these three countries formed a triangle; for what it is now known as the 'Triangular Trade' 3. As slave trade took place, there were many both America and Africa faced many consequences. In Africa, cultures lost generations of their fittest members and countless African families were separated. Africans helped America a great amount by doing their labor; in the other hand, the Africans also brought their culture to America. Their art, music, religion and food influenced the American societies. And because there were so many Africans in America, the population of African Americans continued to grow.

__** HW: October 13th, 2011 **__ -By exploring the seas for new lands, helpful sea routes can be discovered. Later on, sea routes are essential for trading and communicating with other countries. Also, by exploring for new lands, new lands that are discovered can be used as land supply in order for people to colonize.
 * What possible rewards might come from exploring the seas for new lands?**

-When embarking on a voyage into the unknown, you are clueless about what can happen to you. You can get lost, you might suffer through lack of supplies, conflict between people you run into, etc.
 * What are the risks involved in embarking on a voyage into the unknown?**

-If I actually run into other people, at first I will try my best to communicate and maintain a peaceful relationship. However if they are looking for a fight, I will run away. Random people are not worth dying or fighting; my major purpose is to explore.
 * What will you do if you actually run into other people?**

Compass is a navigational instrument that shows directions according to the surface of the Earth. Compass is used to determine the four directions: north, south, east, and west. There are two types of compasses which are the magnetic compass and the gyro compass. Magnetic compass uses the earth’s magnetic field to align the magnet to point to the magnetic poles. Gyro compass has a wheel that interacts directly with the rotation of the earth. The wheel ends up being parallel with the earth’s rotation.
 * Tool: Compass**





1. What were the CAUSES of the Scientific Revolution? Which one do you think is MOST significant AND WHY? The causes of the Scientific Revolution was during the Renaissance era, people started to challenge the ideas of the ancient thinkers and the church along with new theories and assumptions. I think the heliocentric theory is the most significant thing. That is becausethe heliocentric theory basically went against the church. It was the theory that caused people to start questioning the church.

2. Why might those in positions of authority at the time (Church and government) tend to reject new ideas? Those in positions of authority at that time tends to reject new ideas because the Church and the government were in control; everyone believed the theories and assumptions to be true. New ideas at that time just ment mess; They wanted to keep it the same way.

3. Do you agree with Galileo's actions during his trial? Explain. Yes, because Galileo was being threatened by the pope. I think anybody would've done the same thing as Galileo because his life was being black-mailed to do so. I would've done the same.

4. Make a list of the major figures of this revolution in thinking and what they did.
 * Robert Boyle:** Boyle's law
 * Copernicus:** He came up with the Heliocentric Theory.
 * Evangelista Torricelli:** Invented the barometer.
 * Gabriel Fahrenheit:** Invented the mercury thermometer.
 * Galileo Galilei:** He claimed that four moons, Jupiter, and the sun had dark spots. Came up with new ideas on Astronomy.
 * Issac Newton:** Stated the Law of universal gravitation.
 * Andreas Vesalius:** //Greatly developed the study of human body.//
 * Edward Jenner:** He created a vaccine to stop smallpox.

-Observe -> Research -> Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Conclusion
 * 5. Explain the significance of these terms:**
 * Geocentric Theory:** The earth-centered view of universe (believed to be true before Copernicus)
 * Heliocentric Theory:** the sun-centered view of universe (led people to question the church)
 * Scientific Revolution:** a new way of thinking about the natural world as Europeans started to come up with new assumptions and theories.
 * Scientific method:** Method of procedure that characterized science in the 17th century; Procedure of gathering and experimenting ideas.

‘How did the Renaissance contribute to the opening of the mind in Europe?' The Renaissance contributed to the opening of the mind in Europe because generally Renaissance produced many art works and new discoveries and theories. There were many revolutionary happenings that happened throughout the Renaissance era. Europeans started to accept new ideas that developed Europe. Before the Renaissance era, Europe was chaotic; Everything seemed to be falling apart. The Bubonic plague, overpower of the Church, and etc. However throughout the Renaissance era, the Europeans started to come up with new theories that challenged and questioned the 'church'. By that, the Europeans started to open their minds to new theories and discoveries. A good example would be humanism, where the Europeans focused on people rather than the spiritual beliefs.
 * September 5th **

**August 31th** Europe gains dominance because the Europeans began to be 'open minded'. The Europeans began to be 'open minded' starting from the Renaissance era. However, before the Renaissance era, Europe was in their dark ages. Throughout the Renaissance era, the Europeans produced many art works and scientific discoveries. Also, there were many revolutionary happenings that helped the Europeans become more civilized. Also, the Europeans started to believe in humanism, where they thought again about themselves and made great discoveries and brought out new ideas.The Europeans came up with many theories that went against the general beliefs by coming up with theories such as the heliocentric universe. By coming up with the theory of heliocentric universe, the theory started to question and go against the church. At that time, the church; the bible was believed to be true. However the Europeans were able to disapprove the church and spread their dominance.
 * Why Europe Gains Domincace? **

August 26th Assignment : Read pages 37-39 in your text (including the box on bottom of p.39 dealing with "Renaissance man and woman") and answer the following questions. Please, UPLOAD these answers into your WIKI WORK PAGE!

1. How did the cities of Italy help create the Renaissance? The cities of Italy were used as places where people met up with each other and exchanged thoughts. People had conversations between each other which were revolutionary.

2. What is your opinion of the Medici family? Even though they were considered as dictators, I believe they had a big influence in the Renaissance era. The Medici family tried their best to generally encourage art. You can see they tried to encourage art by considering the fact that they made their manuscript libraries public to the society.

3. How did Humanism influence Renaissance ideas? Humanism placed man and achievements before God, which was opposite of Midaevel ideology. Renaissance artists started to respect the human body over God. Humanism also encouraged the Greek values.

4. Why did church leaders and wealthy merchants support the arts? The church leaders and wealthy merchants supported the arts because by supporting the arts, they believed that they could amplify their importance to the society.

5. What were the similarities and differences between upper-class Renaissance men and women? The similarities between upper-class Renaissance men were that both of them were expected to study and master various skills such as art. However, Renaissance women were allowed to have servants to assist with running the household and were able to express themselves more than the lower class women. Furthermore, Renaissance women were not expected to care about their fame whereas men were expected to. Also, women were not to create art, but just encourage it.

6. After reading the "Analyzing Primary Sources" box, respond to this question: Do the qualities called for in the ideal Renaissance man and woman seem to emphasize the individual or the group? Give evidence in the documents to back up your answer! The ideal Renaissance man and woman seemed to emphasize the individual. We can see that by looking at the sentence "Let the an we are seeking be very bold, stern, and always among the first where the enemy are seen". This quotation is showing that they are trying to amplify the ideal roles performed by the Renaissance man.